The Care Quality Commission has placed the Grange Road Practice into special measures after inspectors found 'significant areas of concern'.
The Grange Road Practice operates from part of the Bermondsey Health Centre building, built by the old Bermondsey Borough Council in the mid 1930s.
The full report from the inspection, which was carried out in November 2015, has been published on the CQC website.
"The Grange Road Practice provides general medical services to over 5,300 registered patients," said Ursula Gallagher, deputy chief inspector of general practice at the CQC.
"All patients are entitled to expect high quality and consistent care from their GP practice.
"While we found most of the staff within the practice understood their responsibilities, we have found significant areas of concern, which is why we are placing this practice into special measures.
"This will enable them to receive a package of support to help them improve, from NHS England and the RCGP.
"We will continue to monitor progress and we will inspect again in six months to check whether sufficient improvements have been made.
"I am hopeful that the practice will do what is required for the sake of their patients, but if we find that services remain inadequate, we will consider taking further action."
For the latest local news and events direct to your inbox every Monday, you need our weekly email newsletter SE1 Direct.